A Subconference of the World Design Cities Conference

Designing AI's
Boundaries:
Respecting Human Agency

Shanghai · September 28 – October 1, 2026*

*The subconference occupies 2.5 of the 4 WDCC days

Venue
SUES & Tongji University
Format
Dialogue · No Papers
Chair
Michael Lissack

Is There Too Much AI?

Every discipline now confronts the same recursive problem: AI systems are redesigning the people who are supposed to govern them. This conference refuses to treat that as a technical puzzle with a technical solution. Instead, we ask a design question — how do we draw boundaries that respect what only humans can do?

Hosted within the World Design Cities Conference, this three-day subconference brings together complexity scientists, philosophers of mind, AI researchers, educators, and a playwright to hold that question in dialogue. No paper sessions. No panel presentations. Only structured conversation — Buberian dialogues, keynote exchanges, and AI-augmented working groups — designed to produce insight that no single discipline could reach alone.

The intellectual engine is the concept of the AI Dramaturg: the recognition that every discipline has a dramaturgical function — the framing, staging, and interpretation of its own questions — that AI can partially supply but cannot replace. The irreducible remainder is situated human judgment.

DesignX

Complex, sociotechnical problems that resist traditional design methods. AI's relationship to human agency is a DesignX problem par excellence — the observer is part of the system being designed.

Second-Order Science

The presuppositions governing how a field knows what it knows. We surface them, question them, and ask what changes when AI enters the epistemic loop.

The 60/40 Split

AI can supply roughly 60% of what any discipline's dramaturgy requires. The 40% it cannot — the situated judgment, the ethical framing, the interpretive act — is the subject of this conference.

The AI Dramaturg

Every discipline has a dramaturgical function — the framing, staging, and interpretation of its own questions. AI can partially supply this function but cannot replace it. The remainder is what makes us human.

In theater, the dramaturg is the person who holds the intellectual architecture of a production — researching context, questioning choices, ensuring coherence. The dramaturg doesn't direct, doesn't act, doesn't write. The dramaturg holds the space in which meaning is made.

AI is becoming every discipline's dramaturg. It can retrieve, synthesize, pattern-match, and propose. But it cannot make the situated judgment that transforms information into understanding. This conference asks: where exactly is that boundary, and how do we design systems that respect it?

60%
AI Can Supply
40%
Requires Human Judgment
3
Curated Research Corpora

Seven Voices, One Conversation

Invited · Philosophy Dialogue · Day 1

David Krakauer

President, Santa Fe Institute
Intelligence as compression, complementarity, and the boundary between adaptive and maladaptive cognition
Invited · Philosophy Dialogue · Days 1 & 2

Andy Clark

Professor of Cognitive Philosophy, University of Sussex
Extended mind, predictive processing, and what happens when cognitive scaffolding becomes autonomous
Invited · Applications Dialogue · Days 1 & 2

Yann LeCun

VP & Chief AI Scientist, Meta; Silver Professor, NYU
JEPA, world models, and the architecture of machine understanding beyond language
Invited · Applications Dialogue · Day 1

Markus Buehler

McAfee Professor of Engineering, MIT
Generative AI for materials discovery — the essential positive case for AI as creative partner
Invited · Keynote Dialogue · Day 2

Ethan Mollick

Associate Professor, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania
The exformative divide — co-intelligence in the classroom and beyond
Invited · Keynote Dialogue · Day 2

Conor Grennan

Dean of Students, NYU Stern School of Business
The AI Mindset as institutional implementation — dramaturgical intervention at scale
Invited · Closing · Day 1 Main Stage

Yasmina Reza

Playwright & Novelist; author of Art, God of Carnage
The silences AI cannot produce — what theater knows about the space between words

Program Overview

*The subconference occupies 2.5 of the 4 WDCC days

1
September 28 · Monday

WDCC Main Stage

Morning
Philosophy Dialogue
Krakauer · Clark · Lissack — Intelligence, boundaries, and the observer problem
Afternoon
Applications Dialogue
LeCun · Buehler · DeepSeek — World models, materials, and the frontier
Evening
Closing: Yasmina Reza
"The Silences AI Cannot Produce" — a theatrical meditation
2
September 29 · Tuesday

DesignX Subconference

Morning
Mollick · Lissack Dialogue
The exformative divide in education and co-intelligence
Afternoon
Clark · Grennan Dialogue
Extended mind meets institutional implementation
Late Afternoon
AI-Augmented Working Groups
Participants engage with curated corpora via Claude + NotebookLM
3
September 30 · Wednesday

Synthesis & Working Groups

Morning
Working Group Reports
Each group presents findings from AI-augmented research sessions
Afternoon
Closing Dialogue
All speakers — what did we learn that we didn't know coming in?
Evening
She Ji Editorial Session
Planning the companion theory issue: "The AI Dramaturg"
4
October 1 · Thursday

WDCC Continued

Morning
WDCC Plenary Sessions
Main conference programming — subconference participants welcome to attend
Afternoon
Open Engagement
Cross-pollination with the broader WDCC community and Shanghai's design ecosystem

Three Formats, No Panels

I–Thou

Buberian Dialogues

Three protagonists engage through a facilitator. Distinguished listeners respond. The audience makes meaning. No debate — genuine encounter. The format is designed to produce insight that neither monologue nor panel discussion can reach.

Keynote Dialogues

Two thinkers, one question, one hour. Not a lecture followed by Q&A — a structured intellectual exchange in which both participants are changed by the conversation. The audience witnesses thinking in real time.

ψ = M

AI-Augmented Working Groups

Participants receive access to three curated research corpora and a custom interface combining Claude and NotebookLM. Groups use AI as dramaturg — retrieval, synthesis, pattern-matching — while humans supply the judgment that turns information into insight.

Shanghai, China

The conference is co-hosted by Shanghai University of Engineering Science (SUES) and Tongji University, situated in one of the world's great design cities. Shanghai's position at the intersection of Eastern and Western intellectual traditions makes it the natural home for a conversation about designing AI's boundaries.

Day 1 takes place on the WDCC main stage with the full conference audience. Days 2–3 convene at Tongji University's College of Design and Innovation for the intimate DesignX subconference.

Institutional Hosts
SUES & Tongji University
With the support of President Lou Yongqi
For Accepted Speakers
Full Travel Support
Business class airfare and accommodation provided by WDCC
Media
Major International Coverage
Press and media partnerships confirmed
Publication
She Ji Theory Issue
Companion issue: "The AI Dramaturg" — planned for publication following the conference

The Invitations

Speaker Invitation

"Come to Shanghai" — for the seven voices shaping the conversation

Watch on YouTube →

Participant Invitation

"You're Invited" — for those who want a seat at the table

Watch on YouTube →

Join the Conversation

This conference is by invitation and application. We are seeking participants from design, complexity science, philosophy of mind, AI research, education, and the arts who want to spend three days thinking carefully about the boundaries between human and machine intelligence. No paper submissions required — bring your questions.

Apply to Participate

Applications reviewed on a rolling basis through July 31, 2026.
For inquiries, contact Michael Lissack at michael.lissack@gmail.com

She Ji: The AI Dramaturg

A companion theory issue of She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and Innovation is in development, titled "The AI Dramaturg." The issue will explore the conference's central proposition: that AI's role across disciplines is best understood through the dramaturgical metaphor — and that the irreducible human contribution lies in the situated judgment that no model can replicate.

Participants in the conference's AI-augmented working groups will have the opportunity to develop contributions for this issue, supported by the same research infrastructure available during the conference itself.

設計
She Ji · Design